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@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ The application consists of the following sections:
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of the Yocto Project for which your layer is compatible.
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- *Acceptance Criteria:* Provide "Yes" or "No" answers for each of the
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- items in the checklist. Space exists at the bottom of the form for
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+ items in the checklist. There is space at the bottom of the form for
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any explanations for items for which you answered "No".
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- *Recommendations:* Provide answers for the questions regarding Linux
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@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ important as it ensures that items in the list remain colon-separated.
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paths in the final list.
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Also, not all append files add extra files. Many append files simply
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- exist to add build options (e.g. ``systemd``). For these cases, your
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+ allow to add build options (e.g. ``systemd``). For these cases, your
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append file would not even use the ``FILESEXTRAPATHS`` statement.
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Prioritizing Your Layer
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@@ -1060,8 +1060,8 @@ The remainder of the section provides details for the steps.
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Locate or Automatically Create a Base Recipe
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--------------------------------------------
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-You can always write a recipe from scratch. However, three choices exist
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-that can help you quickly get a start on a new recipe:
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+You can always write a recipe from scratch. However, there are three choices
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+that can help you quickly get started with a new recipe:
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- ``devtool add``: A command that assists in creating a recipe and an
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environment conducive to development.
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@@ -1521,8 +1521,8 @@ software is built; and runtime dependencies, which are required to be
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installed on the target in order for the software to run.
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Within a recipe, you specify build-time dependencies using the
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-:term:`DEPENDS` variable. Although
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-nuances exist, items specified in ``DEPENDS`` should be names of other
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+:term:`DEPENDS` variable. Although there are nuances,
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+items specified in ``DEPENDS`` should be names of other
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recipes. It is important that you specify all build-time dependencies
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explicitly.
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@@ -2183,8 +2183,8 @@ script to first boot is undesirable and for read-only rootfs impossible.
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.. note::
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- Equivalent support for pre-install, pre-uninstall, and post-uninstall
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- scripts exist by way of ``pkg_preinst``, ``pkg_prerm``, and ``pkg_postrm``,
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+ There is equivalent support for pre-install, pre-uninstall, and post-uninstall
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+ scripts by way of ``pkg_preinst``, ``pkg_prerm``, and ``pkg_postrm``,
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respectively. These scrips work in exactly the same way as does
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``pkg_postinst`` with the exception that they run at different times. Also,
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because of when they run, they are not applicable to being run at image
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@@ -2376,7 +2376,7 @@ Packaging Externally Produced Binaries
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Sometimes, you need to add pre-compiled binaries to an image. For
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-example, suppose that binaries for proprietary code exist, which are
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+example, suppose that there are binaries for proprietary code,
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created by a particular division of a company. Your part of the company
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needs to use those binaries as part of an image that you are building
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using the OpenEmbedded build system. Since you only have the binaries
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@@ -2832,7 +2832,7 @@ Over time, upstream developers publish new versions for software built
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by layer recipes. It is recommended to keep recipes up-to-date with
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upstream version releases.
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-While several methods exist that allow you upgrade a recipe, you might
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+While there are several methods to upgrade a recipe, you might
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consider checking on the upgrade status of a recipe first. You can do so
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using the ``devtool check-upgrade-status`` command. See the
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":ref:`devtool-checking-on-the-upgrade-status-of-a-recipe`"
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@@ -2861,8 +2861,8 @@ commit messages in the layer's tree for the changes made to recipes.
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.. note::
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- Conditions do exist when you should not use AUH to upgrade recipes
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- and you should instead use either ``devtool upgrade`` or upgrade your
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+ In some conditions, you should not use AUH to upgrade recipes
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+ and should instead use either ``devtool upgrade`` or upgrade your
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recipes manually:
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- When AUH cannot complete the upgrade sequence. This situation
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@@ -2922,7 +2922,7 @@ The following steps describe how to set up the AUH utility:
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undesirably.
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5. *Make Configurations in Your Local Configuration File:* Several
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- settings need to exist in the ``local.conf`` file in the build
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+ settings are needed in the ``local.conf`` file in the build
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directory you just created for AUH. Make these following
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configurations:
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@@ -3131,8 +3131,8 @@ newly upgraded recipe::
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NOTE: nano: compiling from external source tree /home/scottrif/poky/build/workspace/sources/nano
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NOTE: Tasks Summary: Attempted 520 tasks of which 304 didn't need to be rerun and all succeeded.
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-Within the ``devtool upgrade`` workflow, opportunity
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-exists to deploy and test your rebuilt software. For this example,
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+Within the ``devtool upgrade`` workflow, you can
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+deploy and test your rebuilt software. For this example,
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however, running ``devtool finish`` cleans up the workspace once the
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source in your workspace is clean. This usually means using Git to stage
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and submit commits for the changes generated by the upgrade process.
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@@ -3214,7 +3214,7 @@ To manually upgrade recipe versions, follow these general steps:
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if the recipe is to be released publicly.
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5. *Check the Upstream Change Log or Release Notes:* Checking both these
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- reveals if new features exist that could break
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+ reveals if there are new features that could break
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backwards-compatibility. If so, you need to take steps to mitigate or
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eliminate that situation.
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@@ -3517,7 +3517,7 @@ Building a Simple Image
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In the development environment, you need to build an image whenever you
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change hardware support, add or change system libraries, or add or
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-change services that have dependencies. Several methods exist that allow
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+change services that have dependencies. There are several methods that allow
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you to build an image within the Yocto Project. This section presents
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the basic steps you need to build a simple image using BitBake from a
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build host running Linux.
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@@ -4215,7 +4215,7 @@ your tunings to best consider build times and package feed maintenance.
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sysroot for each machine is generated, the software is not recompiled
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and only one package feed exists.
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-- *Manage Granular Level Packaging:* Sometimes cases exist where
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+- *Manage Granular Level Packaging:* Sometimes there are cases where
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injecting another level of package architecture beyond the three
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higher levels noted earlier can be useful. For example, consider how
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NXP (formerly Freescale) allows for the easy reuse of binary packages
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@@ -4281,7 +4281,7 @@ By default, the OpenEmbedded build system uses the
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code. The build process involves fetching the source files, unpacking
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them, and then patching them if necessary before the build takes place.
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-Situations exist where you might want to build software from source
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+There are situations where you might want to build software from source
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files that are external to and thus outside of the OpenEmbedded build
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system. For example, suppose you have a project that includes a new BSP
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with a heavily customized kernel. And, you want to minimize exposing the
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@@ -4648,7 +4648,7 @@ libraries and other binaries to use a different set of libraries. The
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libraries could differ in architecture, compiler options, or other
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optimizations.
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-Several examples exist in the ``meta-skeleton`` layer found in the
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+There are several examples in the ``meta-skeleton`` layer found in the
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:term:`Source Directory`:
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- ``conf/multilib-example.conf`` configuration file
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@@ -4661,7 +4661,7 @@ Preparing to Use Multilib
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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User-specific requirements drive the Multilib feature. Consequently,
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-there is no one "out-of-the-box" configuration that likely exists to
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+there is no one "out-of-the-box" configuration that would
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meet your needs.
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In order to enable Multilib, you first need to ensure your recipe is
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@@ -4724,8 +4724,8 @@ specifically with a command like this::
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Additional Implementation Details
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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-Generic implementation details as well as details that are specific to
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-package management systems exist. Following are implementation details
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+There are generic implementation details as well as details that are specific to
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+package management systems. Following are implementation details
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that exist regardless of the package management system:
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- The typical convention used for the class extension code as used by
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@@ -4742,8 +4742,7 @@ that exist regardless of the package management system:
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vendor string presently break Autoconf's ``config.sub``, and other
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separators are problematic for different reasons.
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-For the RPM Package Management System, the following implementation
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-details exist:
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+Here are the implementation details for the RPM Package Management System:
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- A unique architecture is defined for the Multilib packages, along
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with creating a unique deploy folder under ``tmp/deploy/rpm`` in the
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@@ -4764,8 +4763,7 @@ details exist:
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- The build system relies on RPM to resolve the identical files in the
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two (or more) Multilib packages.
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-For the IPK Package Management System, the following implementation
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-details exist:
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+Here are the implementation details for the IPK Package Management System:
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- The ``${MLPREFIX}`` is not stripped from ``${PN}`` during IPK
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packaging. The naming for a normal RPM package and a Multilib IPK
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@@ -4783,9 +4781,9 @@ details exist:
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Installing Multiple Versions of the Same Library
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------------------------------------------------
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-Situations can exist where you need to install and use multiple versions
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-of the same library on the same system at the same time. These
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-situations almost always exist when a library API changes and you have
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+There are be situations where you need to install and use multiple versions
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+of the same library on the same system at the same time. This
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+almost always happens when a library API changes and you have
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multiple pieces of software that depend on the separate versions of the
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library. To accommodate these situations, you can install multiple
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versions of the same library in parallel on the same system.
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@@ -4850,9 +4848,9 @@ follows:
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- You can create and boot ``core-image-minimal`` and
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``core-image-sato`` images.
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-- RPM Package Manager (RPM) support exists for x32 binaries.
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+- There is RPM Package Manager (RPM) support for x32 binaries.
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-- Support for large images exists.
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+- There is support for large images.
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To use the x32 psABI, you need to edit your ``conf/local.conf``
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configuration file as follows::
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@@ -4918,7 +4916,7 @@ library package involves the following:
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:term:`DISTRO_FEATURES_BACKFILL_CONSIDERED`
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and that "qemu-usermode" is not in
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:term:`MACHINE_FEATURES_BACKFILL_CONSIDERED`.
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- If either of these conditions exist, nothing will happen.
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+ In either of these conditions, nothing will happen.
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3. Try to build the recipe. If you encounter build errors that look like
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something is unable to find ``.so`` libraries, check where these
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@@ -5005,7 +5003,7 @@ working in an image:
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Known Issues
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------------
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-The following know issues exist for GObject Introspection Support:
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+Here are know issues in GObject Introspection Support:
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- ``qemu-ppc64`` immediately crashes. Consequently, you cannot build
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introspection data on that architecture.
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@@ -5184,7 +5182,7 @@ For example, the following returns overview help for Wic::
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$ wic help overview
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-One additional level of help exists for Wic. You can get help on
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+There is one additional level of help for Wic. You can get help on
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individual images through the ``list`` command. You can use the ``list``
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command to return the available Wic images as follows::
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@@ -5872,8 +5870,8 @@ your image more secure.
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General Considerations
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----------------------
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-General considerations exist that help you create more secure images.
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-You should consider the following suggestions to help make your device
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+There are general considerations that help you create more secure images.
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+You should consider the following suggestions to make your device
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more secure:
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- Scan additional code you are adding to the system (e.g. application
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@@ -6210,8 +6208,8 @@ or to not install a package at all.
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The following list introduces variables you can use to prevent packages
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from being installed into your image. Each of these variables only works
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-with IPK and RPM package types. Support for Debian packages does not
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-exist. Also, you can use these variables from your ``local.conf`` file
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+with IPK and RPM package types, not for Debian packages.
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+Also, you can use these variables from your ``local.conf`` file
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or attach them to a specific image recipe by using a recipe name
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override. For more detail on the variables, see the descriptions in the
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Yocto Project Reference Manual's glossary chapter.
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@@ -6285,7 +6283,7 @@ maintain a package feed that is compatible with existing package manager
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applications such as RPM, APT, and OPKG, using an automated system is
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much preferred over a manual system. In either system, the main
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requirement is that binary package version numbering increases in a
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-linear fashion and that a number of version components exist that
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+linear fashion and that there is a number of version components that
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support that linear progression. For information on how to ensure
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package revisioning remains linear, see the
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":ref:`dev-manual/common-tasks:automatically incrementing a package version number`"
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@@ -6342,7 +6340,7 @@ generated are just "self consistent". The build system adds and removes
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packages and there are no guarantees about upgrade paths but images will
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be consistent and correct with the latest changes.
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-The simplest form for a PR Service is for it to exist for a single host
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+The simplest form for a PR Service is for a single host
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development system that builds the package feed (building system). For
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this scenario, you can enable a local PR Service by setting
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:term:`PRSERV_HOST` in your
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@@ -6545,7 +6543,7 @@ The previous example specifies a number of things in the call to
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"Lighttpd module for alias".
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Often, packaging modules is as simple as the previous example. However,
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-more advanced options exist that you can use within
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+there are more advanced options that you can use within
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``do_split_packages`` to modify its behavior. And, if you need to, you
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can add more logic by specifying a hook function that is called for each
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package. It is also perfectly acceptable to call ``do_split_packages``
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@@ -7024,7 +7022,7 @@ file::
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`passphrase`.
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Aside from the ``RPM_GPG_NAME`` and ``RPM_GPG_PASSPHRASE`` variables in
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-the previous example, two optional variables related to signing exist:
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+the previous example, two optional variables related to signing are available:
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- *GPG_BIN:* Specifies a ``gpg`` binary/wrapper that is executed
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when the package is signed.
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@@ -7046,14 +7044,14 @@ your ``local.config`` or ``distro.config`` file::
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PACKAGE_FEED_GPG_NAME = "key_name"
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PACKAGE_FEED_GPG_PASSPHRASE_FILE = "path_to_file_containing_passphrase"
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-For signed package feeds, the passphrase must exist in a separate file,
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+For signed package feeds, the passphrase must be specified in a separate file,
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which is pointed to by the ``PACKAGE_FEED_GPG_PASSPHRASE_FILE``
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variable. Regarding security, keeping a plain text passphrase out of the
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configuration is more secure.
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Aside from the ``PACKAGE_FEED_GPG_NAME`` and
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``PACKAGE_FEED_GPG_PASSPHRASE_FILE`` variables, three optional variables
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-related to signed package feeds exist:
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+related to signed package feeds are available:
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- *GPG_BIN* Specifies a ``gpg`` binary/wrapper that is executed
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when the package is signed.
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@@ -7192,7 +7190,7 @@ use this fetcher in combination with
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:doc:`devtool </ref-manual/devtool-reference>` to create
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recipes that produce NPM packages.
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-Two workflows exist that allow you to create NPM packages using
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+There are two workflows that allow you to create NPM packages using
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``devtool``: the NPM registry modules method and the NPM project code
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method.
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@@ -7296,7 +7294,7 @@ The ``devtool edit-recipe`` command lets you take a look at the recipe::
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...
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LICENSE_${PN}-vary = "MIT"
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-Three key points exist in the previous example:
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+Here are three key points in the previous example:
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- :term:`SRC_URI` uses the NPM
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scheme so that the NPM fetcher is used.
|
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@@ -7488,7 +7486,7 @@ Selecting an Initialization Manager
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===================================
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By default, the Yocto Project uses SysVinit as the initialization
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-manager. However, support also exists for systemd, which is a full
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+manager. However, there is also support for systemd, which is a full
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replacement for init with parallel starting of services, reduced shell
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overhead and other features that are used by many distributions.
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@@ -7794,7 +7792,7 @@ link to the built library and that library will be pulled into your
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image along with the new software even if you did not want the library.
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The :ref:`buildhistory <ref-classes-buildhistory>`
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-class exists to help you maintain the quality of your build output. You
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+class helps you maintain the quality of your build output. You
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can use the class to highlight unexpected and possibly unwanted changes
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in the build output. When you enable build history, it records
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information about the contents of each package and image and then
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@@ -7849,7 +7847,7 @@ variable. Here is an example abbreviated listing:
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|
.. image:: figures/buildhistory.png
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:align: center
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-At the top level, a ``metadata-revs`` file exists that lists the
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+At the top level, there is a ``metadata-revs`` file that lists the
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revisions of the repositories for the enabled layers when the build was
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produced. The rest of the data splits into separate ``packages``,
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``images`` and ``sdk`` directories, the contents of which are described
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|
@@ -7885,7 +7883,7 @@ The exceptions are ``FILELIST``, which is the actual list of files in
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|
the package, and ``PKGSIZE``, which is the total size of files in the
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package in bytes.
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-A file also exists that corresponds to the recipe from which the package
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+There is also a file that corresponds to the recipe from which the package
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came (e.g. ``buildhistory/packages/i586-poky-linux/busybox/latest``):
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.. code-block:: none
|
|
@@ -7900,8 +7898,8 @@ came (e.g. ``buildhistory/packages/i586-poky-linux/busybox/latest``):
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|
busybox-staticdev busybox-dev busybox-doc busybox-locale busybox
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|
Finally, for those recipes fetched from a version control system (e.g.,
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-Git), a file exists that lists source revisions that are specified in
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|
-the recipe and lists the actual revisions used during the build. Listed
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+Git), there is a file that lists source revisions that are specified in
|
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+the recipe and the actual revisions used during the build. Listed
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and actual revisions might differ when
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:term:`SRCREV` is set to
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${:term:`AUTOREV`}. Here is an
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@@ -8141,7 +8139,7 @@ You need to realize,
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however, that this method does show changes that are not significant
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(e.g. a package's size changing by a few bytes).
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-A command-line tool called ``buildhistory-diff`` does exist, though,
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+There is a command-line tool called ``buildhistory-diff``, though,
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that queries the Git repository and prints just the differences that
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might be significant in human-readable form. Here is an example::
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@@ -8315,7 +8313,7 @@ the MAC address of the device.
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In order to run tests on hardware, you need to set ``TEST_TARGET`` to an
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appropriate value. For QEMU, you do not have to change anything, the
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default value is "qemu". For running tests on hardware, the following
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-options exist:
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+options are available:
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- *"simpleremote":* Choose "simpleremote" if you are going to run tests
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on a target system that is already running the image to be tested and
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@@ -8639,7 +8637,7 @@ layer's ``layer.conf`` file as normal). Just remember the following:
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- Do not use module names that collide with existing core tests.
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-- Minimally, an empty ``__init__.py`` file must exist in the runtime
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+- Minimally, an empty ``__init__.py`` file must be present in the runtime
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directory.
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To create a new test, start by copying an existing module (e.g.
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@@ -8719,7 +8717,7 @@ Class attributes are as follows:
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Instance Attributes
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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-A single instance attribute exists, which is ``target``. The ``target``
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+There is a single instance attribute, which is ``target``. The ``target``
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instance attribute is identical to the class attribute of the same name,
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which is described in the previous section. This attribute exists as
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both an instance and class attribute so tests can use
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@@ -9348,7 +9346,7 @@ Recipe Logging Mechanisms
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The Yocto Project provides several logging functions for producing
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debugging output and reporting errors and warnings. For Python
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-functions, the following logging functions exist. All of these functions
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+functions, the following logging functions are available. All of these functions
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log to ``${T}/log.do_``\ `task`, and can also log to standard output
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(stdout) with the right settings:
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@@ -9454,8 +9452,8 @@ A parallel ``make`` race occurs when the build consists of several parts
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that are run simultaneously and a situation occurs when the output or
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result of one part is not ready for use with a different part of the
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build that depends on that output. Parallel make races are annoying and
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-can sometimes be difficult to reproduce and fix. However, some simple
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-tips and tricks exist that can help you debug and fix them. This section
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+can sometimes be difficult to reproduce and fix. However, there are some simple
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+tips and tricks that can help you debug and fix them. This section
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|
presents a real-world example of an error encountered on the Yocto
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Project autobuilder and the process used to fix it.
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@@ -9578,7 +9576,7 @@ In the ``devshell``, do the following::
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$ make tools/snep-send.o
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The ``devshell`` commands cause the failure to clearly
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-be visible. In this case, a missing dependency exists for the "neard"
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+be visible. In this case, there is a missing dependency for the ``neard``
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Makefile target. Here is some abbreviated, sample output with the
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missing dependency clearly visible at the end::
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@@ -9623,9 +9621,8 @@ patch::
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$ quilt refresh
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Refreshed patch patches/parallelmake.patch
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-Once
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-the patch file exists, you need to add it back to the originating recipe
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-folder. Here is an example assuming a top-level
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+Once the patch file is created, you need to add it back to the originating
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|
+recipe folder. Here is an example assuming a top-level
|
|
|
:term:`Source Directory` named ``poky``::
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$ cp patches/parallelmake.patch poky/meta/recipes-connectivity/neard/neard
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@@ -10119,7 +10116,7 @@ specific uses.
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The Yocto Project uses a mailing list and a patch-based workflow that is
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similar to the Linux kernel but contains important differences. In
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-general, a mailing list exists through which you can submit patches. You
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+general, there is a mailing list through which you can submit patches. You
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should send patches to the appropriate mailing list so that they can be
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reviewed and merged by the appropriate maintainer. The specific mailing
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|
list you need to use depends on the location of the code you are
|
|
@@ -10796,8 +10793,8 @@ Here are some other scenarios:
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Other Variables Related to Commercial Licenses
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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-Other helpful variables related to commercial license handling exist and
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|
-are defined in the
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|
+There are other helpful variables related to commercial license handling,
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|
+defined in the
|
|
|
``poky/meta/conf/distro/include/default-distrovars.inc`` file::
|
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|
|
|
|
COMMERCIAL_AUDIO_PLUGINS ?= ""
|
|
@@ -10841,7 +10838,7 @@ requirements during a software release.
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|
With hundreds of different open source licenses that the Yocto Project
|
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|
tracks, it is difficult to know the requirements of each and every
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|
license. However, the requirements of the major FLOSS licenses can begin
|
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|
-to be covered by assuming that three main areas of concern exist:
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+to be covered by assuming that there are three main areas of concern:
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- Source code must be provided.
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|
@@ -11105,9 +11102,9 @@ portion is integrated with the installed Yocto Project
|
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|
The server receives the information collected and saves it in a
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|
database.
|
|
|
|
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|
-A live instance of the error reporting server exists at
|
|
|
-https://errors.yoctoproject.org. This server exists so that when
|
|
|
-you want to get help with build failures, you can submit all of the
|
|
|
+There is a live instance of the error reporting server at
|
|
|
+https://errors.yoctoproject.org.
|
|
|
+When you want to get help with build failures, you can submit all of the
|
|
|
information on the failure easily and then point to the URL in your bug
|
|
|
report or send an email to the mailing list.
|
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|
|